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Cardiothoracic surgery involves the treatment of diseases affecting organs inside the chest (thorax), including treatment of conditions of the heart (heart disease) and lungs (lung disease). We perform a wide range of surgeries - from neonatal open heart surgeries to aneurysm surgeries with excellent results.

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CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Graft)

A form of heart surgery that redirects blood around clogged arteries to increase blood flow and oxygen to the heart. The cardiac surgeons at Kardiac Frontida, Bangalore have great expertise and experience with CABG surgeries. We are versatile and handle critically ill patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction or diffusely diseased vessels. As we avoid the heart - lung machine, we can take on patients for CABG even when there are associated morbidities such as renal disease, compromised lung function or other coexisting diseases. We do total arterial revascularization of the heart off-pump with varying configurations of arterial conduits such as left/right internal mammary arteries, radial arteries, and gastro-epiploic arteries individualized to patient's requirements.

Beating Heart Surgery

Coronary Bypass Surgeries are performed using contemporary techniques including the off-pump bypass. Over 99.6% of the surgeries are "off-pump" or "beating heart" surgeries. During off-pump or beating heart surgery, the heart-lung machine is not used. The surgeon uses advanced operating equipment to stabilize (hold) portions of the heart and bypass the blocked artery in a highly controlled operative environment. Meanwhile, the rest of the heart keeps pumping and circulating blood to the body. This offers patients faster post-operative recovery and extracts less of a toll on their systems.

Heart Valve Replacement Surgery

Specialized surgery which is performed for the treatment of abnormalities like Mitral Regurgitation (MR) (a valvular heart disease which results in the abnormal leaking of blood through the mitral valve, from the left ventricle into the left atrium of the heart), or Aortic Stenosis (a condition where the aortic valve becomes narrower than normal, impeding the flow of blood) are routinely performed.

Thoracic Surgery

Extensive and challenging thoracic procedures (lung, esophagus, etc.) are undertaken by our thoracic surgeons with the best results. These include operations for removal of malignancies from the lung and esophagus. They perform minimally invasive procedures on the lung and esophagus as well as VATS (Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery)

Keyhole Surgery

The KeyholeSurgery, is considered an alternative to the conventional bypass surgery, The major advantage of the procedure is lesser hospital stay and quicker recovery.

Following procedures

• Coronary artery bypass surgery including total arterial revascularisation.

• Beating heart bypass surgery (OPCAB/Minimally invasive/Key hole).

• Valve replacement/repair.

• Congenital heart operation which includes cynotic as well as acynotic congenital heart disease.

• Closed heart operations.

• Aortic Arch replacement and repair surgeries.

ECMO

The ECMO machine replaces the function of the heart and lungs. People who need support from an ECMO machine are cared for in a hospital’s intensive care unit (ICU). Typically, people are supported by an ECMO machine for only a few hours to days, but may require it for a few weeks, depending on how their condition progresses. There are many overlaps and differences between the use of ECMO in children and adults.

Veno-venous (VV) ECMO

• Used mostly for respiratory failure.

• Oxygenated blood returns to pt’s venous circulation.

Veno-arterial (VA) ECMO

• Used for cardiac and respiratory failure

• Oxygenated blood returns to pt’s arterial circulation

• Disadvantages include potential for systemic air/clot embolization and ligation of carotid artery

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Interventional cardiology treats cardiovascular disease using multiple non-surgical procedures. The doctors who perform these procedures are board-certified cardiologists particularly at a hospital in a cardiac catheterization laboratory.

Most of the procedures are done in the cardiovascular (veins, heart and arteries) system. They don’t require any large incisions or instruments entering your body so they are minimally invasive. The incisions made in this procedure are around one inch. The cardiologist inserts a catheter in your upper leg into the femoral artery. He guides the catheter towards your vascular and heart area using real-time x-rays.

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Types of Interventional Cardiology Procedures

There are several main interventional cardiology procedures, including the following.

Angioplasty and Stenting

A slender, long tube is inserted into your wrist or leg through a blood vessel and guided to your heart or other areas in your body. The doctor injects a dye through your arteries for guidance while he performs the stenting procedure. The catheter has a balloon at the tip which inflates to stretch your artery open and increase blood flow to your heart. He then places a stent (small metal mesh cylinder) into your vessel so it stays open.

Atherectomy

Cardiologists place a burr or rotary shaver at the tip of a catheter and guide it to the area that is affected to get rid of plaque that is built-up in the walls of your artery. A laser catheter might be used in some cases to vaporize the plaque.

Embolic Protection

Occasionally, if the narrowing that is being treated is in your carotid arteries or in a bypass graft, the doctor will use specialized devices such as filters to prevent the plaque from breaking off and traveling in your blood causing damage.

Percutaneous Valve Repair

You have four valves in your heart that controls how your blood flows through your heart chambers. Catheters are used to guide devices like clips to your damaged valve through your blood vessels. Doctors then repair your valve so your blood can start flowing properly again using these devices.

Balloon Angioplasty

A tiny balloon is inserted and inflated into your blocked artery during this procedure to create space. The plaque is compressed by the balloon against your artery wall to improve your blood flow. The doctor then takes the balloon out of your body after the procedure is completed.

These are only some of a number of different procedures performed within the interventional cardiology discipline. The excellence, quality care and positive results of these procedures are respected and well-known in the medical community. Clinical trials are conducted often in order to learn about new devices and techniques in catheter-based interventions to restore good heart health .

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Pulmonology is a field of medicine that focuses specifically on diagnosing and treating disorders of the respiratory system.

Subspecialties of pulmonology include:

• Interstitial lung disease, which focuses on lung diseases marked by persistent inflammation and scarring.

• Interventional pulmonology, which employs multidisciplinary care to treat airway disorders, lung cancer, and pleural diseases

• Lung transplantation, management before and after surgery.

• Neuromuscular disease, which refers to conditions that occur due to respiratory muscle failure

• Obstructive lung disease, which involves airway narrowing or obstruction

• Sleep-disordered breathing

Conditions pulmonologists commonly treat include:

• Asthma

• Bronchiectasis, a condition that involves inflammation and excess mucus

• Bronchitis, which happens when you have inflamed lower airways

• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which causes an airflow blockage

• Emphysema, which happens when the alveoli in your lungs are damaged

• Interstitial lung diseases, which affect the space and tissue within the lung

• Occupational lung diseases, which can occur due to the inhalation of dusts, chemicals, or proteins

• Obstructive sleep apnea, which causes your breathing to slow or stop entirely when you’re sleeping